阅读视图

Life and Death on a Scorched Planet: What I Learned From “The Heat Will Kill You First”

I remember the exact moment I was radicalized about climate change. 

Standing on the front porch of our new home in Southern California in the summer of 2020, I watched the sky turn a burnt orange as wildfires blazed in the inland summer heat. The particles of smoke didn’t just fill the air—they filled our lungs. I coughed and wheezed throughout the day and night, unable to think or work effectively, as my body’s systems were overwhelmed by an atmosphere suddenly hostile to human life.

Far more worryingly, my wife Lauren was pregnant with our first child at the time. Every parenting book I’d read emphasized the importance of clean air for fetal development, and here we were, trapped in a toxic cloud. We sealed the windows and doors on the worst days, bought half a dozen air purifiers, and cranked the AC as high as it would go. But still, I laid awake at night, feeling powerless against a force far beyond my control.

It was that summer when climate change stopped being an abstract concept and became viscerally personal for me. I realized that this wasn’t a one-time freak event—every summer we could expect deteriorating air quality from rampant wildfires. It had become part of the backdrop of our lives in Southern California, as predictable as June gloom and earthquake tremors.

Picture how this scenario is likely to play out over the next twenty years: You’re trying to work from home on a sweltering afternoon when the power flickers. Your computer monitor goes dark. The air conditioning sputters to a stop. Within minutes, the room temperature climbs from a comfortable 72 degrees to an oppressive 85, then 90. Your body starts producing sweat faster than it can evaporate. Your thinking becomes sluggish. The careful systems you’ve built—both digital and physical—begin to break down.

This convergence of physical heat, failing infrastructure, and human vulnerability isn’t just a temporary inconvenience. It’s a preview of the fundamental challenge that Jeff Goodell explores in The Heat Will Kill You First, a book that forced me to confront an uncomfortable truth: all our routines for productive living and working are built on the assumption of a stable climate. It no longer makes sense for me to teach people how to build productive systems without taking into account the increasing instability of our wider environment.

So many climate debates still focus on abstract concepts like emissions targets and policy frameworks, or expend tremendous energy trying to forecast the exact degree of temperature rise decades in the future. But an increasing number of people are discovering what I learned that smoky summer of 2020—climate change is already here, already personal, and already reshaping our daily lives.

Goodell’s book zeroes in on perhaps the most immediate and universal manifestation of that change: the direct impact of heat on human bodies, communities, and ecosystems. 

As someone who thinks constantly about how we capture, organize, and act on information, I found myself reading his work through a unique lens. The climate crisis isn’t just an environmental problem. It’s fundamentally an information processing challenge. We’re drowning in data about rising temperatures, yet struggling to translate that knowledge into meaningful action. It’s the ultimate test of whether we can build a “Second Brain” not just for ourselves, but for our entire civilization.

In this piece, I’ll share the insights from Goodell’s book that surprised me the most, challenged my assumptions about human adaptability, and revealed why heat—not hurricanes, floods, or wildfires—represents the most profound threat to how we live and work in the 21st century.

The Invisible Killer Among Us

Here’s the fact that permanently shifted my understanding of climate risks: Heat kills more people than all other natural disasters combined.

A study in The Lancet estimated that 489,000 people worldwide died from extreme heat in 2019. That’s more than hurricanes, wildfires, floods, and earthquakes put together. It’s also more than deaths from guns or illegal drugs. Between 260,000 and 600,000 people die each year just from inhaling smoke from wildfires—a secondary effect of heat-amplified fires.

Yet heat remains largely invisible in our collective consciousness. We name hurricanes. We measure earthquakes on the Richter scale. We have sophisticated early warning systems for tornadoes. But heat waves? They pass through our communities like silent predators, leaving behind a trail of death that often goes uncounted and unnoticed.

This invisibility isn’t just a measurement problem—it’s a fundamental flaw in how we process information about gradual versus acute threats. Our brains, evolved to respond to immediate dangers, struggle to recognize slow-moving catastrophes. It’s the same reason we procrastinate on long-term projects while responding instantly to urgent emails.

Since 1970, Earth’s temperature has spiked faster than in any comparable forty-year period in recorded history. The eight years between 2015 and 2022 were the hottest on record. In 2022 alone, 850 million people lived in regions that experienced all-time high temperatures.

But numbers alone don’t capture what this means for human bodies and systems.

Researchers project that by 2100, half of the world’s population will be exposed to a life-threatening combination of heat and humidity. In parts of the world, temperatures will rise so high that simply stepping outside for a few hours “will result in death even for the fittest of humans.”

This isn’t a distant future scenario. It’s a reality that’s already emerging in unexpected places.

In western Pakistan, where only the wealthy have air conditioning, it’s already too hot for human survival several weeks each year. Holy cities like Mecca and Jerusalem, where millions gather for religious pilgrimages, have become what Goodell calls “caldrons of sweat.”

The scale of it already defies comprehension. In the summer of 2022, nine hundred million people in China—63 percent of the nation’s population—endured a two-month extreme heat wave that killed crops and sparked wildfires. One weather historian declared: “There is nothing in world climatic history which is even minimally comparable to what is happening in China.”

The economic toll is also staggering. Researchers at Dartmouth College estimate that since the 1990s, extreme heat waves have cost the global economy $16 trillion. But the human costs go far beyond GDP:

  • Heat lowers children’s test scores
  • It raises the risk of miscarriage in pregnant women
  • Prolonged exposure increases death rates from heart and kidney disease
  • When stressed by heat, people become more impulsive and prone to conflict
  • Racial slurs and hate speech spike on social media during heat waves
  • Suicides rise
  • Gun violence increases
  • Sexual assaults become more frequent

In Africa and the Middle East, studies have found direct links between higher temperatures and the outbreak of civil wars.

Heat doesn’t just kill our bodies. It kills our civilized selves.

The Machine Inside: Understanding Our Thermal Limits

Humans are heat machines. Just being alive generates heat. 

Every thought, every heartbeat, every breath produces thermal energy that must be dissipated. When you move a muscle, only about 20 percent of the energy goes to the actual contraction—the other 80 percent is released as heat.

This biological fact creates an absolute temperature ceiling for human survival: a wet bulb temperature of 95 degrees Fahrenheit (35 degrees Celsius). Beyond that threshold, our bodies generate heat faster than we can dissipate it, regardless of shade, fans, or how much water we drink.

Drinking water by itself doesn’t actually cool your core body temperature. While dehydration can exacerbate heat exhaustion, you can be fully hydrated and still die of heatstroke. The only effective treatment is rapid cooling of core body temperature, through ice baths, cooling the palms and soles where blood circulates close to the surface, or other direct cooling methods.

As a systems thinker, I’m fascinated by second and third-order effects—the cascading consequences that ripple out from initial changes, like the spreading ripples in a pond. Goodell’s exploration of how heat is redrawing the map of disease distribution revealed consequences I hadn’t imagined.

For example, we know that the heat-loving Aedes aegypti mosquito is expanding its range northward and to higher altitudes. By 2080, five billion people—60 percent of the world’s population—may be at risk of dengue fever. 

Mexico City, historically too cold for these mosquitoes, has always remained mostly free of yellow fever, dengue, and Zika. But as temperatures rise, Aedes aegypti is moving in, bringing these diseases to 21 million unprepared residents. I’ve personally noticed the uptick in mosquitoes in Mexico City from 2019, when we first lived there, to today. 

Nepal, nearly free of mosquito-borne diseases until recently, saw dengue cases explode from 135 in 2015 to 28,109 in 2022.

Even more alarming, an estimated 40,000 viruses lurk in the bodies of mammals, of which a quarter could infect humans. Climate scientist Colin Carlson estimates that coming decades will see about 300,000 first encounters between species that normally don’t interact, leading to roughly 15,000 spillovers of viruses into new hosts.

The pattern extends beyond mosquitoes. Lyme disease cases in the US have tripled since the late 1990s. It’s not just the heat expanding tick ranges, but also increasingly fragmented landscapes. As forests are carved into suburban developments, fox and owl populations decline, leading to explosions in white-footed mice populations—the main reservoir for Lyme disease. Young ticks feed on infected mice, then spread the disease to humans.

We’re not just heating the planet—we’re creating a massive biological experiment with unpredictable results.

Antarctica: The Doomsday Glacier and Our Coastal Future

Of all the places on Earth, Antarctica might seem the least connected to our daily lives. Yet what happens to the ice sheets there will determine the future of every coastal city on the planet.

Goodell takes us on a research expedition to Thwaites Glacier—nicknamed the “Doomsday Glacier”—one of the largest glaciers in West Antarctica. The question driving their research is stark: Is the West Antarctic ice sheet on the verge of unstoppable collapse?

A stable ice sheet means coastal cities have time to adapt. An unstable ice sheet means goodbye to Miami, New York, Shanghai, Mumbai—virtually every low-lying coastal city in the world, including our hometown of Long Beach, California.

To understand the risk, consider this: Seventy percent of Earth’s water is frozen in Antarctica’s ice sheets, some nearly three miles thick. If all of Greenland melted, sea levels would rise 22 feet. If Antarctica melted? Two hundred feet. The world’s coastlines would be obliterated.

Three million years ago, when atmospheric CO2 levels were similar to today and temperatures only slightly warmer, sea levels were at least 20 feet higher. This suggests massive melting is already “baked in” to our future. The only question is how fast it happens.

The mechanism of potential catastrophe is elegant in its terrifying simplicity. Large parts of West Antarctica’s glaciers lie below sea level, resting on ground that slopes downward inland—imagine a giant soup bowl filled with ice. Warm ocean water can penetrate under the ice, melting it from below. As the glacier retreats down the slope, more ice is exposed to warm water, accelerating the melt in a feedback loop that scientists call “marine ice sheet instability.”

The False Promise of Technological Salvation

As someone who advocates for using technology to augment human capabilities, I was particularly struck by Goodell’s analysis of air conditioning—our primary technological response to heat.

Here’s the uncomfortable reality: Air conditioning is not a cooling technology at all. It’s simply a tool for heat redistribution, moving thermal energy from inside to outside while consuming massive amounts of electricity.

The global spread of AC is accelerating climate change even as it provides temporary relief. In China, 75 percent of homes in Beijing and Shanghai now have air conditioning, up from near zero twenty years ago. Over the last decade, 10 percent of China’s skyrocketing electricity growth has been due to cooling—in a country still largely dependent on coal.

As one researcher put it: “Comfort is destroying the future, one click at a time.”

Pakistan produces about 0.5 percent of global CO2 emissions, and the average Pakistani is responsible for less than one-fifteenth the emissions of an American. Yet Pakistanis suffer disproportionately from extreme heat they didn’t create. When the power fails—as it often does—the consequences are deadly. In Sahiwal, eight babies died in a hospital ICU when extreme heat combined with a power outage shut down the air conditioning.

The Montreal Protocol, adopted in 1987, offers both a model of hope and a reason for caution. When scientists discovered that CFCs were destroying the ozone layer, the world acted swiftly. Within two years, an international treaty cut CFC use in half. Today, they’re outlawed by 197 countries, and the ozone layer is slowly recovering.

But we replaced CFCs with HFCs—chemicals that don’t harm ozone but are greenhouse gases up to 15,000 times more potent than CO2. Every solution can create new problems.

Heat as a Hyperlocal Phenomenon

One of Goodell’s most important insights is that heat waves are more like stories than meteorological events. Each has its own setting, cast of characters, and dramatic flash points.

A 99-degree day in Buffalo is fundamentally different from a 99-degree day in Las Vegas—not just meteorologically, but sociologically. Buffalo residents are less likely to have air conditioning, less experienced in dealing with extreme heat, and less connected to social networks that check on vulnerable neighbors.

The U.S. National Weather Service ranking system reflects this confusion. Heat watches, warnings, and advisories have no standardized definitions—local offices decide what each category means in their area.

Nobody should die in a heat wave. People die because they are alone, lack resources, don’t understand warning signs, or fear losing their jobs if they stop working. They die from ignorance about basic heat safety: whether to open windows, how much water to drink, when cold baths help or hurt, what a racing heart means.

The 2003 European heat wave killed 15,000 people in France in less than two weeks. Nearly a thousand lived in central Paris, many in top-floor apartments where heat built up beneath zinc roofs, literally cooking residents as if in an oven. It took weeks to recover all the bodies. Entire buildings had to be evacuated due to the pervasive smell of death.

Yet France now has one of the world’s best heat warning systems. Answers exist if we choose to implement them.

The Great Adaptation: Engineering for a Superheated World

Reading Goodell’s prescriptions for urban adaptation, I recognized parallels to the challenges we face in personal knowledge management and artificial intelligence. Just as we need to retrofit our thinking systems for information abundance, we need to retrofit our cities for thermal abundance.

The challenges are twofold:

First, how do we ensure new growth happens in heat-smart ways? Another fifty years of suburban sprawl would be catastrophic. Cities need density, public transit, green space, trees, water features, shade, and thermally intelligent design. Every new building should be both efficient and survivable during power outages.

Second, how do we fix what already exists? The vast majority of current buildings are ill-suited for extreme heat—poorly insulated, badly sited, dependent on air conditioning. Do we tear down and rebuild? Retrofit? How do we add green space to crowded cities? How do we banish concrete and invite nature?

Trees are climate heroes, but they’re also climate victims. In 2011, combined drought and heat killed 10 percent of urban trees in Texas—six million died in months. Analysis suggests that in a midrange warming scenario, three-quarters of urban trees could die from heat and drought by 2050. Globally, we’re losing ten billion trees annually while planting only five billion.

We need new approaches, new species, and new ways of thinking about urban ecosystems. It’s the greatest engineering challenge of our time.

From Information to Transformation

As I finished Goodell’s book, I kept returning to a fundamental question: Why do we struggle to act on information about slow-moving catastrophes?

The answer lies partly in how our brains process threats. We’re wired for immediate dangers, not gradual degradation. But it also reflects a failure of our systems for capturing, organizing, and acting on critical information.

Climate change is, I believe, fundamentally a knowledge management problem. We have the data. We understand the mechanisms. We even know many of the solutions. What we lack is the ability to transform information into action at the necessary scale and speed, and the motivation and consensus needed to do so.

This is where I think the principles of Building a Second Brain, especially when augmented by the latest AI models, could be useful. We can use such systems to:

  • Capture the full scope of climate impacts across all domains of life
  • Organize information in ways that reveal connections and dependencies
  • Distill insights into achievable objectives, actionable plans to realize them, and targets for advocacy and funding
  • Create solutions in forms that motivate change, and express them in language and stories that resonate with more people

The heat crisis demands that we extend the principles of individual productivity and business growth that have shaped the modern world to the realm of collective survival.

Goodell’s book ends with a preview of our transformed future: “The tree you used to climb when you were a kid will die. The beach where you kissed your partner will be underwater. Mosquitoes and other insects will be year-round companions. New diseases will emerge. Cults of cool will celebrate the spiritual purity of ice. You’ll grill slabs of lab-grown ‘meat’ and drink Zinfandel from Alaska. Your digital watch will monitor your internal body temperature. Border walls will be fortified. Entrepreneurs will make millions selling you micro cooling devices. Fourth of July celebrations will become life-threatening events. Snow will feel exotic.”

This isn’t dystopian fiction. It’s the trajectory we’re already on.

But trajectories can change. The Montreal Protocol proved we can act swiftly when we understand the threat. The question is whether we can process information about heat—diffuse, gradual, unequally distributed—with the same clarity that allowed us to recognize the ozone hole.

What You Can Do Now

Knowledge without action is merely fuel for anxiety. Here are concrete steps you can take to begin adapting to our heating world:

For Personal Safety:

  1. Learn the signs of heat exhaustion and heat stroke—for yourself and loved ones
  2. Understand that hydration alone won’t prevent heat stroke; cooling is essential
  3. Create a heat emergency plan, including cooling strategies and communication with vulnerable neighbors
  4. Never take Tylenol or aspirin for heat-related symptoms

For Your Home and Work:

  1. Assess your spaces for passive cooling opportunities (shade, ventilation, insulation)
  2. Create backup plans for power outages during heat waves
  3. Consider heat resilience in any renovation or moving decisions
  4. Plant trees and create green spaces wherever possible

For Your Community:

  1. Advocate for heat action plans in your city
  2. Support urban greening initiatives
  3. Join or create networks that check on vulnerable neighbors during heat waves
  4. Push for workplace heat safety standards

For Systemic Change:

  1. Make climate action a non-negotiable criterion for your political choices
  2. Divest from fossil fuels and invest in climate-friendly industries
  3. Support organizations working on climate adaptation
  4. Share knowledge about heat risks and solutions in your networks

The coming heat will kill—but it doesn’t have to kill you or those you care about. With the right information, preparation, and collective action, we can adapt to the thermal transformation of our planet.

The challenge isn’t just surviving the heat. It’s maintaining our humanity, creativity, and capacity for joy in a world growing hotter by the day. That’s a project worthy of our best thinking, our most innovative technology, and our deepest commitment to each other.

The future may be hot, but it doesn’t have to be hopeless.


Follow us for the latest updates and insights around productivity and Building a Second Brain on X, Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn, and YouTube. And if you’re ready to start building your Second Brain, get the book and learn the proven method to organize your digital life and unlock your creative potential.

The post Life and Death on a Scorched Planet: What I Learned From “The Heat Will Kill You First” appeared first on Forte Labs.

  •  

股市情绪很盲目

周末国家公布了雅鲁藏布江水电项目,总预算约为1.2万亿,大概需要十年建成。今天股市受此消息影响显著上涨,相关的 […]
  •  

生活维艰

因事在河南农村住了几天,恰逢超过40℃的高温天,突然发现农村人生活的艰辛;这打破了我原有的农村生活已经极大改善 […]
  •  

【儿女记】二娃的女朋友

“女朋友……最好像小凯丽,大大的眼睛,洁白的羽毛……”给四岁半的二娃读睡前故事“不一样的卡梅拉”系列的《我是罗 […]
  •  

近日杂记之20250708

朋友评上了杰青,为之欣喜。这是他多年科研的夙愿,也是信念;无论说夙愿还是信念,都是说他对科研本身的热爱、执着、 […]
  •  

【儿女记】关于绿色唱片

“爸爸,你知道‘绿色唱片’吗?”晚饭后散步回来大娃问我。 “不知道,说来听听。” “就是在西亚沙漠地区,靠抽取 […]
  •  

贬值

这两年听的最多的关键词可能就是“贬值”,尤其是房产贬值,其他豪车等价值较高的消费品,也经常听到被“背刺”。固产 […]
  •  

盛夏序曲

天气越来越热,为期两个月的暑假又要开始了。

还没到三伏天,最高气温已经达到了36度,也确实该放暑假了。

高温天气

这几天,一直泡在图书馆的自习室里写代码,这里是个好地方,有免费的桌椅,免费的水电和免费的空调。

图书馆自习室

这个暑假,大概都要在这里度过了。我想可以带孩子来看书或写作业,总比在家里玩手机看电视强。

最近又开始跑步了,起因是入了一块佳明255,如果不跑实在对不起它。

跑步记录

跑步计划基本是跟着佳明教练来的,除非天气特殊或自己实在太累,基本每天都跑。就是有时候,它好像高估我了,就像昨天晚上的乳酸阈值跑,让我心率跑到176,但是我怎么都做不到啊,到160以上就开始喘了。

佳明教练训练计划

大概昨晚天气实在太热了,最后十分钟跑不动了,走完了,今天告诉我出现疲劳迹象,让我进行更轻松的训练,但这54分钟好像并不轻松🥹。如果天气能凉快一些,或许能好一些。

从六月七号开始,基本每天都跑,再有五天就一个月了,从一开始的2公里,到后来的3公里、5公里、7公里,这个周六长跑日,差不多就可以跑到10公里了。

跑了这小一个月,最明显的就是肚子小了很多,但奇怪的是体重却没怎么变化。精神上也好了很多,以前一到下午就精力不足,到了晚上更是疲倦到不想动,现在基本没有了,精力和体能足够一整天的活动。

跑步还有一个意外的收获,就是我的左耳低频耳鸣彻底好了,已经半个月不响了,一点都不响的那种,真的很安静。

这次不立 flag,但是还是希望自己能长久的跑下去。

关于孩子,大宝上个月中考了地理生物,不管怎么样都已经考完了,据他自己说还行。今天正在进行初二期末考试,希望一切顺利。暑假结束后,就要上初三了,很关键,要跟紧,不要留下遗憾,对我们都是如此。

中考考场门口送考生的家长们

二宝小学二年级乐考,语文三个A一个C,数学四个A,还可以吧,小学不想给她太多压力,平时好好学,态度认真就可以了。她提前放了暑假,今天是她暑假的第二天。再开学就上三年级了,要用钢笔,看得出来她很期待很兴奋,刚放假的当晚,就要我带她去买钢笔,这当然要满足,买了两支,一支三元的小笔尖的,一支十五元的大笔尖的。三元的是她自己选的,我想也行,刚开始用也没必要用太好的,说不定哪天不小心摔了就报废了。

这个假期孩子们的学习要跟上,除了处理自己的事情,还要多陪伴孩子们,毕竟成长只有一次。陪伴他们玩,陪伴他们学习,陪伴他们读书。当然,也该适当让他们承担点力所能及的家务,知道生活的不容易。

关于我的自学考试,四月考期结束后,就彻底和这个专业说拜拜了,不是因为毕业了,而是因为我突然发现,在这个专业停考前,我考不完了。所以,被迫无奈换了一个专业:行政管理。说实话,我并不喜欢这个专业,但是其他的更喜欢不起来。至于为什么不考计算机,因为我的专业就是计算机,软件开发十五年!希望新的专业不要被停考,能稳稳地等我考完。

昨天刚买完了新专业的书,并制定了新的学习计划,当然,最重要的是执行。

学习计划

关于读书,最近在读严歌苓的《小姨多鹤》,等读完专门写一篇读书笔记,这里就不浪费口舌了。

  •  

My 4-Stage System for Learning Anything New

You discover something fascinating—maybe it’s vibe coding, sustainable investing, or sourdough baking. Your excitement builds as you imagine mastering this new skill. But then reality hits: Where do you even start?

The internet offers endless tutorials, courses, and “ultimate guides.” Your bookmarks folder grows heavy with resources you’ll “definitely check out later.” Weeks pass, and you’re still stuck in planning mode, no closer to actually learning anything.

Someone asked me recently in our monthly Q&A session for the Second Brain Membership: “When you learn a new tool or skill, do you have a strategy to do it? Like different stages of exploring and repeating?”

After thinking through it for a moment, I realized I actually do have a systematic approach to learning new skills—I’d just never formally documented it. 

It’s worked for me for years across everything from productivity systems to personal development. And in this blog post, I will share it with you.

Here’s the key: The goal isn’t to become an expert at everything you try. It’s to efficiently identify what’s worth pursuing and what’s not.

Stage 1: Immersion – Get Maximum Exposure

The first stage is about orienting yourself in the new field. Think of your content consumption time as a portfolio that you’re actively allocating.

When ChatGPT first came out, I immediately dedicated 20% of my content consumption time to AI. Instead of watching random YouTube videos during breaks, I’d pick something AI-related. During walks, I’d listen to AI podcasts instead of my usual rotation.

What this looks like practically:

  • Subscribe to 3-5 newsletters or Substacks on the topic
  • Follow key YouTubers and podcasters in the space
  • Reallocate existing content consumption time (don’t add more, just redirect what you’re already consuming)
  • Focus on getting a general sense of the landscape rather than deep expertise

The key insight: You automatically start learning through mere exposure. Your brain begins building mental models and recognizing patterns without conscious effort.

How to Find Quality Sources in a Noisy World

One challenge you’ll face in this stage is finding the signal among the noise. Here are my strategies:

Ask for recommendations: Post on social media asking for sources, or ask around your friend group. Personal recommendations are strong signals, especially if you hear the same name mentioned multiple times.

Ignore popularity metrics: Subscriber count, view count, and virality usually lead to mediocre quality. The best content is often shared person-to-person, not algorithmically promoted.

Seek out obscure sources: Some of the best content exists as “janky PDFs” passed between practitioners. I started a subreddit called “obscure PDFs” specifically for this kind of hidden knowledge.

Match your consumption preferences: I prefer text over video and audio because I don’t have a commute. Work with your natural preferences and lifestyle constraints rather than forcing yourself into formats that don’t fit.

Stage 2: Building – Make Something Real

Here’s where most people get stuck in tutorial hell. Instead of consuming more content, you need to try making something as quickly as possible.

There’s a completely different set of lessons that only come from building. You can watch hundreds of hours of coding tutorials, but you won’t understand programming until you try to build an actual project.

When I wanted to learn vibe coding, I gave myself one Saturday to create something. I built a “death clock” calculator that predicts your exact day of death. In this blog post, I share what I learned from this real project with real constraints.

What this looks like practically:

  • Set a short deadline (one day to one week maximum)
  • Choose a simple, concrete project
  • Accept that it will be messy and imperfect
  • Focus on completing something, not making it perfect

The key insight: Building reveals the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application. This gap is where real learning happens.

Stage 3: Structured Learning – Find Your Mentors

After you’ve gotten exposure and tried building, you’ll have a much better sense of who actually knows what they’re talking about.

Now it’s time for more structured learning—but with a crucial twist. Instead of trying to learn from everyone, pick just 1-3 people max to treat as your mentors.

For example, in the realm of self-development, I’ve gone deep with the teachings of Joe Hudson and the Art of Accomplishment. In marketing, I’ve learned from and worked closely with Billy Broas. In writing, I modeled my work closely after Venkatesh Rao. In tech news and analysis, I’ve read everything Ben Thompson of Stratechery has written in the last decade. Currently, I’m studying YouTube scriptwriting intently under George Blackman (though he doesn’t know it). I’ve learned a ton about embodied self-awareness and biomimicry from adrienne maree brown

I strongly believe that this focused approach enabled me to make leaps in growth that wouldn’t have been possible if I had just dabbled in a lot of different approaches.

What this looks like practically:

  • Choose teachers based on results, not popularity
  • Follow specific instructions rather than cherry-picking from multiple sources
  • Use them as a filter for all incoming information
  • Invest in their courses, programs, or coaching if available

The key insight: One focused teacher is worth more than twenty scattered resources. Use your mentors as filters to cut through information overload.

Stage 4: Connection – Build Real Relationships

The final stage is about tapping into our innate drive to share information and ideas with others. 

Some of the most transformative learning happens when you join a community of practitioners and even step into a leadership role. You might organize meetups, start a discussion group, or even host your own events around shared interests.

Every year, I host a mastermind-style retreat largely for this purpose—to turn online relationships into real friendships and collaborations. There’s nothing quite like that personal connection for accelerating learning.

What this looks like practically:

  • Reach out to people you’ve learned from
  • Attend conferences, workshops, or retreats in the field
  • Create collaborations or projects together
  • Host or join communities around the topic
  • Take on leadership roles in existing communities
  • Organize your own gatherings or events to bring people together

The key insight: Learning becomes exponentially more powerful when you’re part of a community of practitioners. And when you become a leader who brings others together, you accelerate not just your own learning but everyone else’s, too.

The Secret Ingredient: Cultivating Play in Learning

There’s one element that can transform every stage of this framework: playfulness.

As one community member beautifully put it during our discussion, “Anything that I can turn into a sort of boyish feeling of play speeds my learning and takes me more to the heart of whatever I’m feeling drawn to.” This wisdom about play isn’t just personal preference—it’s backed by compelling research.

In his book Free to Learn, developmental psychologist Peter Gray demonstrates that curiosity, playfulness, and sociability are the three natural drives that are inherently educational. These aren’t just nice-to-haves—they’re the fundamental biological mechanisms through which humans learn most effectively.

Gray’s research shows that play is nature’s way of ensuring children acquire the skills necessary for survival. When we approach learning with a playful mindset, we activate the same biological drives that make children such incredible learning machines before they ever set foot in a classroom.

How to cultivate playfulness in your learning:

  • Approach new subjects like a curious child – What would happen if you just started experimenting without reading all the manuals first?
  • Give yourself permission to “waste time” exploring – Follow interesting tangents even if they seem unproductive
  • Turn challenges into games – Can you learn 10 new concepts in a week? Can you build something silly with your new skill?
  • Embrace the “beginner’s mind” – Let go of the need to look competent or professional while learning

The beautiful paradox is that when we stop taking learning so seriously, we often learn more effectively. As Gray notes, the shift from exploration to play is one from a focused, serious facial expression to a more relaxed, smiling one—and it’s in this relaxed state that deeper learning often occurs.

This sense of play doesn’t diminish with age—it just gets “beaten out of us” by formal educational systems. But we can reclaim it. The next time you’re learning something new, ask yourself: How can I make this feel more like play and less like work?

The Hidden Truth About Learning

Here’s what might surprise you: Most of your learning attempts should fizzle out. And that’s not just okay—it’s optimal.

You have limited time and energy. Most interests are meant to be explored for a season, not turned into lifelong pursuits. The idea that you should finish every book you start or master every skill you try is a maximalist trap that actually prevents deep learning.

The real test of any skill isn’t how you feel about it—it’s whether you can produce externally verifiable results in the real world. Can you make a sale? Can someone exchange their hard-earned money or time for what you’ve created? That’s an exceedingly high standard, which is exactly why it’s meaningful.

Most importantly, give yourself permission to stop at any stage. If something doesn’t spark continued interest after Stage 1 or 2, let it go without shame. That’s not failure—that’s efficient filtering.

The skills worth pursuing to mastery will reveal themselves through this process. When something passes through all four stages and you’re still energized by it, you’ve found something worth serious investment.

I used AI to help draft this post based on my spoken insights, then edited it to ensure it captures my authentic voice and experience.


Follow us for the latest updates and insights around productivity and Building a Second Brain on X, Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn, and YouTube. And if you’re ready to start building your Second Brain, get the book and learn the proven method to organize your digital life and unlock your creative potential.

The post My 4-Stage System for Learning Anything New appeared first on Forte Labs.

  •